Odds changers, or jinglers, attempt to gain favorable odds by dumping large amounts of money on a particular horse, then canceling the bet at the last moment in order to make a second bet at better odds. Do jinglers get better odds? TREC Corpus: NYT19981128.0225 Yes PLANNING medium Yes People usually attempt something only if it has a chance of succeeding or has succeeded in the past medium Unknown medium As mentioned, IBM has opted for the mouse stick in the middle of the keyboard instead of the little trackball or the little panel you diddle with your finger. Do IBM keyboards have a mouse stick? TREC Corpus: NYT19991220.0044 Yes When entities "opt for" something, they usually carry it out "Has opted for" occurs far enough in the past that IBM has already had time to implement the choice medium Unknown The existence of the phrase "has opted for" suggests only a preference, not that it has already happened. medium Born July 5, 1917, Catherine Wood Campbell left her native Atlanta, where she had attended Sacred Heart School and graduated from the Washington Seminary, in the 1930s. Was Catherine Wood Campbell born in Atlanta? TREC Corpus: NYT19981231.0193 Yes high A location described as an entity's native location implies the entity was born at that location. The Red Sox started wearing numbers on their backs in 1931, and first retired numbers May 29, 1984, when they honored Williams and Cronin. Did the Red Sox wear numbers on their backs in 1984? TREC Corpus: NYT20000904.0052 Yes Retiring something can mean to cease to use it. Wearing is a kind of using. TEMPORAL medium Yes Retiring something can mean to cease to use it. Wearing is a kind of using. The Red Sox is a baseball team. Baseball season started before May 29 in 1984. medium Goldstein was born on Sept. 23, 1922, in Denver and died in Chicago on June 20, 1944. Was Goldstein born in Chicago? No An entity can only be born in one place. high Unknown medium Walden thinks Lukas-trained Grand Slam, who is 4 for 4 at Belmont and 0 for 4 elsewhere, must be respected because of that statistic. Does Walden think Grand Slam deserves respect? TREC Corpus: NYT19980604.0347 Yes high No high Lehr has become a major force on the Trojans' pitching staff, despite the fact that his pitching career at this level is still in its infancy. Has Lehr had a short pitching career? TREC Corpus: NYT19990506.0002 Yes Something in its infancy is relatively short [in lifespan/duration]. medium Unknown The sentence only states that his pitching career _at_this_level_ is in its infancy, but does not mention his pitching career before he got to this level. The question asks about his pitching career in general. Thus, the phrase "is still in its infancy" does not apply. medium Planning for Islands of Adventure was already under way in 1990 when Universal Studios opened doors to its first Orlando park, Universal Studios Florida. Did planning for Islands of Adventure begin after Universal Studios Florida opened? TREC Corpus: NYT19990521.0214 No high "Already under way" implies "has begun." Opening doors to something implies that the something is open. If truth is the first casualty in war, then dignity was the first principle to keel over in the dirty little war in Washington. Is truth the first casualty in war? TREC Corpus: NYT19990205.0092 Unknown high Yes CONDITIONAL medium The CONDITIONAL context type is assumed to include both the premise and the conclusion of the conditional statement. This is because for a conditional context to be true, its condition must be true. This is not abduction, because the statement contained in the context may be independently true on its own, but the context itself is tied to its condition. The mistake most beginners make is in loading too much paint on the bristles. Do people who are new to painting often load too much paint on the brush? TREC Corpus: NYT20000802.0213 Yes "X's mistake is Y" implies that "X is doing Y." high An entity described as "new to" something can also be described as a "beginner" at that something. Bristles are part of a brush. If most of a category of entities do something, instances of that category can be described as "often" doing that something. In the next few decades, unless Japan somehow manages to arrest current trends, it may find that its share of global economic output has shrunk considerably. Will Japan's share of global economic output decrease in the next few decades? TREC Corpus: NYT19990731.0084 Yes CONDITIONAL and POSSIBILITY high Unknown CONDITIONAL high Unknown POSSIBILITY high Unknown high Yes high Fiscal hawks on Capitol Hill vowed Monday to vote against the embassy security measures unless they are paid for by cuts elsewhere in the administration's budget. Will fiscal hawks on Capitol Hill vote against the embassy security measures? TREC Corpus: NYT19980921.0404 Unknown Vowing to do something does not mean it will always be done. high Yes Vowing to do something is a strong indication it will be done. high Yes Vowing to do something is a strong indication it will be done. Government budgets are rarely cut. medium Yes VOLITIONAL high Vowing indicates a strong intention which falls under the VOLITIONAL context. Unknown high The FDA has no authority to regulate creatine unless it's first proved to be dangerous. Has creatine been proven to be dangerous? TREC Corpus: NYT19980812.0145 Unknown high Yes high American officials now say they believe that Muhammad was warned by someone in the Qatar government and that he was staying at the estate of Abdallah bin Khalid, a fundamentalist who has provided support for other Islamic radicals. A former American intelligence official said bin Laden also visited bin Khalid in Qatar twice in the mid-1990s. Was Muhammad staying at the estate of Abdallah bin Khalid? TREC Corpus: NYT19990707.0365 Yes REPORT and BELIEF medium Unknown REPORT medium The text does not itself assert the question. The American officials believe it might be true. Yes REPORT medium The text does not itself assert the question. The American officials believe it might be true. Unknown BELIEF medium The text does not itself assert the question. The American officials report their belief. Yes BELIEF medium The text does not itself assert the question. The American officials report their belief. Unknown medium Yes medium Annabelle Irwin, a retired Iowa State English professor who drew on her experience as a high school teacher in collaborating on an acclaimed series of books for young teen-agers, died Sept. 13 at a daughter's home in Des Moines, Iowa. Did Irwin teach high school in Iowa? TREC Corpus: NYT19980919.0143 Yes An institution named -state- State is usually a public university from -state-. A professor physically works at an educational institution. A person that worked for a long time, retired and died in a single state probably lived there most of their life, including previous jobs. Professors usually keep their jobs for a long time. medium There is nothing in the text to even directly suggest the response to the question. However, by default (in the absence of any other information), given the context in the passage, a human would likely assume this response. I don't know how any system could get this however without a long set of possibly contrived world knowledge. Yes high This is the cautious annotation ("unknown" for a "yes" response). Unknown high This is another cautious annotation (polarity "true" for an "unknown" response). Yes SPATIAL medium If the detection of the SPATIAL context (Iowa) could be extended to include "her experience as a high school teacher," possibly using specialized world knowledge, then we could plausibly say "yes." The world knowledge would probably look something like that in the "because" tag of answer 1, but more specific to spatial contexts. The board frequently has engaged in public disputes and has been accused by the federal court of making decisions based on narrow agendas and meddling where it shouldn't. Does the board often make decisions based on narrow agendas? TREC Corpus: NYT19991119.0016 Yes "Making decisions" usually describes multiple events. A statement about an event that occurs multiple times can sometimes be described as occurring "often." An accusation may plausibly considered to be true; but that is a weak and naive assumption. BELIEF medium Yes An accusation is not a strong enough statement to be considered true on its face. high Unknown An accusation is not a strong enough statement to be considered true on its face. high Yes "Making decisions" usually describes multiple events. A statement about an event that occurs multiple times can sometimes be described as occurring "often." BELIEF high Within the context of the accusation (a type of BELIEF context), the content of the accusation is strictly true. Fabric awning prices are more varied than aluminum awning prices, according to Kevin Tatman, owner of Merit Awnings in Dayton. Merit, in business since 1979, has always sold aluminum awnings and started selling Sunbrela brand fabric awnings about eight years ago. Are fabric awning prices more varied than aluminum awning prices? TREC Corpus: NYT20000705.0326 Yes A person in a particular business/industry for a long time has strong credibility when making statements about that business/industry. high The "because" field is too general to be applied directly here... not sure what else to add to it. Yes REPORT high In the context of Kevin Tatman's assertion, the response is true. Unknown high Yes high Increasingly, health experts and researchers are naming the nation's penchant for large portions and "supersizing" as a leading cause of obesity. Does supersizing cause obesity? TREC Corpus: NYT20000704.0053 Yes Effects can have multiple causes. Each cause can plausibly be said to "cause" the effect. Experts and researchers are generally credible. REPORT medium Yes Effects can have multiple causes. Sometimes, no single cause alone will create the effect. Although experts and researchers are generally credible, they are sometimes wrong. REPORT medium Yes Effects can have multiple causes. Each cause can plausibly be said to "cause" the effect. REPORT medium Yes REPORT medium Dual-core chips can do the same work that a single-core chip can, only faster, while consuming less power and at a cooler temperature. Do dual-core chips consume more power than single-core chips? http://www.forbes.com/technology/personaltech/2005/04/08/cx_ah_0408amd.html Yes high Unknown high No high Duke initially planned on giving every new student a free iPod, but now only plans on giving iPods to students in certain classes. Does Duke plan on giving every new student a free iPod? http://news.designtechnica.com/article7065.html No high Yes high Unknown high A US judge late on Thursday threw out Mr Kerkorian's claims that Daimler had fraudulently described the 1998 deal bringing together Daimler-Benz and Chrysler as a merger rather than a takeover to avoid paying a premium. Does the judge think Daimler fraudlently described the 1998 deal to avoid paying a premium? http://news.ft.com/cms/s/ed4370a4-a84f-11d9-87a9-00000e2511c8.html No Judges dismiss claims if they are not made to believe their content/convinced by their content. The judge takes the decision to dismiss the claim. No jury is present. medium Unknown medium Yes low Yes The decision to dismiss the claim is not up to the judge. A jury is present. medium A US judge late on Thursday threw out Mr Kerkorian's claims that Daimler had fraudulently described the 1998 deal bringing together Daimler-Benz and Chrysler as a merger rather than a takeover to avoid paying a premium. Does Mr Kerkorian think Daimler fraudlently described the 1998 deal to avoid paying a premium? http://news.ft.com/cms/s/ed4370a4-a84f-11d9-87a9-00000e2511c8.html Yes If the judge threw out Mr Kerkorian's claims, then Mr Kerkorian (strongly) thought that Daimler fraudlently described the 1998 deal to avoid paying a premium and, most likely, he still thinks that. The claim in front of a judge shows the person's convinction. medium No Making a claim does not entail believing the content of the claim. Sometimes people say things they don't believe. medium Unknown medium MG Rover is on the brink of collapse after Britain refused to provide $100 million in emergency funding and component suppliers withdrew their support, forcing the car-maker to halt production. Does MG Rover make cars? http://www.thestatesman.net/page.news.php?clid=1&theme=&usrsess=1&id=73525 Yes MG Rover corefers with the car-maker and then present of "is on the brink of collapse" implies that they didn't collapse or halt production. TEMPORAL medium Yes "forcing" is present continuous tense. medium No "forcing" is present continuous tense. medium Unknown medium Yes The questions asks if MG Rover makes cars in general, not that if it would make them NOW that it appears to be on the brink of collapse. (Does MG Rover make cars (in general)?) medium A World Trade Organization (WTO) appeals panel Thursday ruled that although the United States can continue with its restrictions on internet gambling, some of the rules imposed by the country were discriminatory to foreign operators. Does the United States have internet gambling restrictions? http://www.newratings.com/analyst_news/article_768319.html Yes high No high Video games have provided one of the last refuges from the ubiquitous advertising that hits consumers from every direction. Do video games contain advertisements? http://www.mercurynews.com/mld/mercurynews/business/11364926.htm?template=contentModules/printstory.jsp No video games offer refuge from the omnipresent ads means that advertisement is not present in video games. In case of advertising and video games, "is present" translates in "contains". The refuge from ads is still provided. high Unknown high Bocelli grew up among the vineyards and olive groves of his estate in Lajatico, a community in rural Tuscany near Pisa. Does Bocelli have a home in Tuscany? TREC Corpus: NYT19990120.0079 Yes Bocelli's estate in Tuscany includes a house. He didn't sell the house after growing up. medium Unknown The passage doesn't mention if Bocelli still lives in Tuscany. medium Mike Campbell dented his car door in an accident on Friday. Does Mike's car have a dent? Yes If the door has a dent, then the car has a dent. The car door wasn't fix in the meantime. TEMPORAL medium Unknown medium Two sisters who know their mother had genetic testing before she died of ovarian cancer want to find out her test results. Did cancer cause their mother's death? TREC Corpus: NYT20000720.0341 Yes high No high Unknown high Marc Vaughn didn't kill the four hostages with a gun, he used a knife. Did Vaughn use a gun to kill the four hostages? No high No "kill with a gun" is equivalent to "use a gun to kill". high Unknown high Early in the 1990s, Chinese officials made land available for a new hospital, and money for construction and operating costs. Did officials from China make land available for a new hospital? TREC Corpus: NYT19980714.0077 Yes high Unknown The officials from China might be natives of other countries. medium No medium